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Book 4: Difference between revisions
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= Chapter 1 = | = Chapter 1 = | ||
== Vocabulary | == Vocabulary I == | ||
===上癮=== | |||
To be addicted (to something). | |||
Usages: | |||
* 她對（某個東西）上癮: she is addicted to (something) | |||
* 她看恐怖片看上癮了: she is addicted to watching horror movies | |||
== | ===刺激=== | ||
Stimulating (Vs), to stimulate (V), stimulation (N). | |||
== Vocabulary II == | == Vocabulary II == | ||
===寂寞=== | |||
Lonely and isolated feeling (but not necessarily physically alone). | |||
Compare with 孤單, which means "alone". | |||
===網友=== | |||
Literally "online friend", but often implies online dating | |||
===陪伴=== | |||
To keep somebody company | |||
Usages: | |||
* 他陪伴（某個人）: he accompanies (somebody) | |||
* 他是她的陪伴: he is her companion | |||
===紓解=== | |||
To relieve (pressure, stress). See also 減輕 (to reduce). | |||
===轉換=== | |||
Often used with: | |||
* 心情：「轉換心情」 "to change one's mood" | |||
* 跑道：「轉換跑道」 "to change one's path (in life)" | |||
===虛擬=== | |||
Virtual or fictional. Opposite of 現實. | |||
===現實=== | |||
Actual, real. Opposite of 虛擬. Means "materialistic" and carries a negative connotation if used to describe a person (use 實際 instead to mean "practical" or "realistic" without the negative connotation). | |||
===期待=== | |||
Expectations (N), to look forward to or be excited for an upcoming event (V) | |||
===喘氣=== | |||
To gasp, pant. V-sep, Vs | |||
Usages: | |||
* 喘喘氣 | |||
* 喘一口氣 (V-sep) | |||
* 很喘 (Vs) | |||
===懂得=== | |||
To comprehend, to understand. | |||
Used to describe experience-based understanding of something complex. Cannot be used as drop-in replacement for 懂. | |||
===陷阱=== | |||
A trap, a snare | |||
Usages: | |||
* 設下陷阱： to set a trap | |||
* 掉（進/入）陷阱： to fall into a trap, to get trapped | |||
== Additional Vocabulary == <!--T:35--> | |||
=== 溫暖 vs 暖和 vs 溫馨 === | === 溫暖 vs 暖和 vs 溫馨 === | ||
<!--T:34--> | <!--T:34--> | ||
* 溫暖 applies to people/behavior (friendly, caring, or kind) and weather/environment (warm) | * 溫暖 applies to people/behavior (friendly, caring, or kind) and weather/environment (warm) | ||
* 暖和 means a warm weather or a warm environment | * 暖和 means a warm weather or a warm environment | ||
* 溫馨 applies to relationships, meaning something like "sweet" | * 溫馨 applies to relationships, meaning something like "sweet" | ||
<!--T:36--> | <!--T:36--> | ||
==Grammar Notes== | ==Grammar Notes== | ||
===I. 與其 A…不如…B B rather than A=== | ===I. 與其 A…不如…B B rather than A=== | ||
In English, roughly: "A isn't as good as B" | |||
* A and B can be | Colloquially 與其 can be omitted. | ||
* A and B can be verbs, nouns, or sentences | |||
===II. 就 on the contrary=== <!--T:4--> | ===II. 就 on the contrary=== <!--T:4--> | ||
Usage: 就 + counterexample to another speaker's statement. | |||
===III. A Summary of the Various Usages of 就=== | ===III. A Summary of the Various Usages of 就=== | ||
# | # Consequential (a conditional expression + 就) | ||
# | # Sooner than expected (time/event + 就) | ||
# | # Sequential (A + 就 + B) | ||
# | # Imminent (就要 + event (+ 了)) | ||
# | # Focus marker (said with heavy stress) (Simply/just/really) | ||
# | # Merely/only (就 + time/quantity) | ||
# | # Exceptional<!--T:5--> | ||
===IV. 別說A，就是B也… never mind A, even B is the case…=== | ===IV. 別說A，就是B也… never mind A, even B is the case…=== | ||
Used to express astonishment. | |||
* A is something typically taken for granted | * A is something typically taken for granted | ||
* B is something unusual but true<!--T:6--> | * B is something unusual but true<!--T:6--> | ||
===V. 簡直 to put it simply and plainly, it seems as if=== | ===V. 簡直 to put it simply and plainly, it seems as if=== | ||
簡直 is similar to how "basically" is used when exaggerating in English, eg. "she's basically a genius" | |||
* hyperbolic expression | * hyperbolic expression | ||
* 簡直+像/是/verb<!--T:7--> | * Often 簡直+像/是/verb<!--T:7--> | ||
===VI. 不至於 but the situation would not be so bad as to…=== | ===VI. 不至於 but the situation would not be so bad as to…=== | ||